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Physics • Density, Mass & Volume

Density, Mass & Volume

Find density (ρ = m/V), total mass, or displacement volume with standard materials presets.

Density (ρ = m / V)
2.500 g/cm³
2500.0 kg/m³
Common Material Densities (g/cm³)
water1
ice0.92
aluminum2.7
iron7.87
steel7.85
copper8.96
lead11.34
gold19.3
mercury13.53
concrete2.4
oak wood0.75
oil motor0.9
air0.0012
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Calculation Guide & Reference

Density, Mass & Volume Mathematics

Density calculator computes density, mass, or volume using ρ = m/V, with common material density presets for water, metals, and more.

Standardized Mathematical Formula
ρ = m / V

Density is mass per unit volume — how tightly matter is packed into a given space. Denser materials (like gold) pack more mass into the same volume than less dense materials (like ice or air).

Variables:
ρ (rho):Density, typically in g/cm³ or kg/m³
m:Mass (kg)
V:Volume (liters, where 1 L = 1000 cm³)
How It Works (Step-by-Step)
  • 1Enter the mass in kilograms and the volume in liters.
  • 2View the resulting density in both g/cm³ and kg/m³.
  • 3Compare against a reference table of common material densities.
Real-World Numerical Example
A 5 kg Object with 2 Liters of Volume

An object has a mass of 5 kg and occupies 2 liters of volume.

•Volume in m³: 2 L = 0.002 m³.
•Density: 5 kg ÷ 0.002 m³ = 2,500 kg/m³.
•In g/cm³: 2,500 ÷ 1,000 = 2.5 g/cm³.
Result: The object's density is 2.5 g/cm³ (2,500 kg/m³) — close to aluminum (2.7 g/cm³).
Calculation Best Practices & Tips
Maintain consistent SI units (meters, kilograms, seconds, amperes, volts) across all variables before computing.
Check vector sign conventions (e.g., downward acceleration due to gravity g = -9.80665 m/s²) in projectile motion problems.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Water has a density of 1.0 g/cm³ (1,000 kg/m³) at 4°C — this is the reference point many other material densities are compared against.

An object floats when its average density is less than the fluid it's placed in, and sinks when it's denser — this is a direct consequence of Archimedes' principle of buoyancy.

Rearrange the formula to V = m ÷ ρ — divide the mass by the density to get volume.

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